The Coldest Winter Ever :: essays research papers

Debut novel by hip-hop rap artist Sister Souljah, whose No Disrespect (1994), which mixes sexual history with politicaldiatribe, is popular in schools country-wide. In its way, this is a tour de force of black English and underworld slang, asfinely tuned to its heroines voice as Alice Walkers The Color Purple. The subject matter, though, has a received flashiness,like a black Godfather family saga, and the heroines eventual fall develops only glancingly from her character. Born to a14-year-old mother during one of New Yorks worst snowstorms, Winter Santiaga is the teenaged miss of RickySantiaga, Brooklyns top drug dealer, who lives like an Arab prince and treats his wife and four daughters like a queen andher princesses. Winter lost her virginity at 12 and now focuses unwaveringly on varieties of adolescent self-indulgence sexand sugar-daddies, clothes, and getting her own way. She uses school only as a stepping-stone for getting out of thehouseafter all, nobodys paying her to go there. But if theres no money in it, why go? Meanwhile, Daddy decides its timeto move out of Brooklyn to truly fancy digs on Long Island, though this places him in the discomfiting position of not beingabsolutely hands-on with his dealers and sure enough the rise of some young Turks leads to his arrest. Then he doessomething really stupid he murders his wifes two weak brothers in jail with him on Rikers Island and gets two consecutivelife sentences. Winters then on her own, especially with Bullet, who may have replaced her dad as top hood, though whenshe selfishly fails to help her pregnant buddy Simone, theres worsemuch worseto come. Thinness aside riveting stuff, withlanguage so frank it curls your hair. (Author tour) -- Copyright 1999, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved. --This school text refers to the Hardcover edition. Book Description Renowned hip-hop artist, writer, and activist Sister Souljah brings the streets of New York to life in a powerful and utterly

Madness in College Athletics Isnt Confined to March :: Sports Basketball Essays

The basketball arena is packed with a sellout crowd of oer 13,000 cheering fans. The television cameras capture the game for the entire nation. A horn blares, and the game, which was supposed to be a blowout, is now in overtime. The pressure is huge, because if the underdog wins, it would make history. two teams are anxious, but focused, knowing that one misstep, misjudgment, or misfire could make or break the season, and everything they hurl worked for all year. Such was the scene during the recent butt on Madness game, between 4 seeded Syracuse, and 13 seeded Vermont, a.k.a. the Cinderella Story, of this years NCAA tourney. The Catamounts, who were not expected to make much noise during the tournament, opened it with a bang, after securing a win over powerhouse Syracuse in the final seconds of overtime.Now imagine, a player on Vermonts super squad. He has spent the past few years working nonstop to get to this point in his basketball career, and it has finally arrived. However, after the cheering, congratulations, and celebrations, he must go back to school, and finish studying for midterms, which happens to coincide with the post-season schedule. When fans watch March Madness, or any other college sporting event, it is safe to say that most dont look at their TVs, and think about how the athletes will spend the bus ride home trying to catch up on the schoolwork they preoccupied so they could compete in the away game.However, this is the reality of a college student-athlete. There are constant obligations to fulfill, and expectations to be met, on every level, and most of the time, the reality is stressful. Athletes remove additional time constraints, and pressure to perform not only academically, but athletically.and then theres the stress that their body undergoes, said Lauren Haas, director of student-athlete suffer services at Northeastern University.Haas also pointed out that student-athletes face a strain to try and lead the life of a normal colle ge student, even though they watch additional requirements. Student-athletes often have similar obligations to the average student, in the classroom, and in the workforce.Academically, athletes must complete the same amount of schoolwork as their peers, although they have less time to complete it, and they miss classes to participate in scheduled competitions. Most professors do not offer an extension on the workload. Financially, many athletes have jobs to offset tuition costs, which they must juggle into a busy schedule.

Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie :: Free Essay Writer

Tennessee Williams The Glass MenagerieReality is merely an illusion, albeit a real persistent one. -- Albert Einstein. The some important theme in The Glass Menagerie is the difficulty people have in accepting and relating to reality. As a result of their inability to conquer this difficulty, the characters withdraw into a private world of illusion to find the comfort they cant find in real life. Out of the three Wingfield family members, Laura be akin is the one living furthest away from reality. There are several symbols in the play that set that in some way. Her glass collection that she carefully takes care of, is the imaginary world she lives in to escape the real live where she doesnt finish high school, fails typing class, and doesnt have any gentlemen callers like her pose expects her to. Another symbol for Lauras personality is Blue Roses, the nickname Jim gives her in high school. Blue roses are, although beautiful, not real and cant be found in nature, what refers t o Lauras uniqueness but also to her very own, special beauty that lies beyond her differentness and inability to live in reality. Overall, Laura is a very important character, because the whole story is basically about her (Tom tells us) and she also is the one who is most concerned with the plays theme of withdrawing from reality. At first spot Tom seems to be the only one in the Wingfield family who is capable of functioning in the real world, interacting with strangers, and holding down a job to finance his mother and child. But he also, withdraws into his illusions to abscond the never-ending conflicts with his mother and his frustration about his monotone, meaningless life. During the play, Tom often mentions the movies hes going to all the time, which represent his attempt to escape all this and to give him the illusion of adventure. The same goes for the fire escape to where Tom often withdraws whenever the fire of conflict and arguing with Amanda gets to hot. Toms attitude toward his sister puzzles the reader, since even though he clearly cares for her, he is frequently indifferent and even cruel. Not once in the play does he behave companionable or lovingly toward Laura, not even when he knocks down her glass menagerie. Laura on the other side is the only character who, despite the selfishness that characterizes the Wingfield family, never does anything to tolerate anyone else.

managerial accounting :: essays research papers

Management account statement is concerned with the provision and use of accounting information to managers in spite of appearance organizations, to facilitate the managers in their decision making and management control functions. Unlike financial accounting information (which, for the most part, is made publicly available), management accounting information is used within an organization and is usually confidential. (Jiambalvo)The distinction between traditional and innovative management accounting practices can be illustrated by propagation to cost control techniques. Traditionally, management accountants principal cost control technique was variance analysis, which is a systematic approach to the comparison of the actual and budgeted cost of the stark(a) materials and labor used during a production period. While some form of variance analysis is still used by most manufacturing firms, it nowadays tends to be used in conjunction with innovative techniques such as lifecycle cos t and activity-based costing, which are boded with specific aspects of the modern business environment in mind. Lifecycle costing recognizes that managers ability to influence the cost of manufacturing a product is at its greatest when the product is still at the design stage of its product lifecycle (i.e., before the design has been finalised and production commenced), since small changes to the product design may lead to significant savings in the cost of manufacturing the product. Activity-based costing recognizes that, in modern factories, most manufacturing costs are determined by the amount of activities (e.g., the number of production runs per month, and the amount of production equipment idle time) and that the key to effective cost control is therefore optimizing the susceptibility of these activities. Both lifecycle costing and activity-based costing recognize that, in the typical modern factory, the avoidance of disruptive events (such as machine breakdowns and quality control failures) is of far great importance than (for example) reducing the costs of raw materials.

Dantes Inferno in Comparison to Christianity and The Media Essay

Dantes Inferno in Comparison to Christianity and The Media Dantes Inferno is a strange journey through hell, which at times seems familiar nevertheless then sometimes seems unexpected. As an American and a Christian it is possible to think that my opinion on this could be crafted from my religion and our society, particularly its media.In my mental capacity I see hell as this place of immense torment bestowed on sinners. My faith has taught me that those who sin go to hell to be punished. Dantes adventure understandably shows that the souls of hell are punished, as I thought. Punishments range from living in filth to painful tortures.What my religion or any movies or television shows Ive seen mentioned is the motif of a hierarchy. The idea of hell being made up of circles that descend based on sin. While this idea makes sense, I have never been clear to that thought, so it a little surprising, but also interesting. My view of hell was this burning hole where all the sou ls of sinners kind of dwell together. I basically matte that a sin is a sin, this is probably because it was instil...

Dantes Inferno in Comparison to Christianity and The Media Essay

Dantes Inferno in Comparison to Christianity and The Media Dantes Inferno is a strange journey through hell, which at times namems familiar but then sometimes seems unexpected. As an American and a Christian it is possible to think that my opinion on this could be crafted from my religion and our society, particularly its media.In my mind I see hell as this place of immense torment bestowed on darkners. My faith has taught me that those who sin go to hell to be punished. Dantes adventure clearly shows that the souls of hell argon punished, as I thought. Punishments range from living in filth to painful tortures.What my religion or any movies or television shows Ive seen mentioned is the stem of a hierarchy. The idea of hell being made up of circles that descend based on sin. While this idea makes sense, I have never been exposed to that thought, so it a little surprising, but also interesting. My view of hell was this burning hole where all the souls of sinners kind of d well together. I basically felt that a sin is a sin, this is probably because it was instil...

A Battle to Your Death Essay

Advertisements for medications fool been filling the pages of magazines forever since the first pharmaceutic companies have been synthesizing medicates. Since the late 1800s, rentrs have been exposed to medication publicise the same way that a community might push a current detergent to buyers. Heated debates have exploded in regards to drug advertisements, attack to head in recent years with attempts by g everyplacenment officials to limit the tot of ads that sell medication (National Conference).While one may look back on drug advertisements from fifty years ago and laugh beca utilization they seem elementary, they influenced members of hunting lodge and they continue to do so to this day. Despite the overt positive affects of pharmaceutical drugs, the constant bombardment of drug advertising has a negative affect on consumers at macroscopic(a). All through history, there have been tidy sum destined to heal. A cornerstone of medicine, from the earliest sha art object to the now graduating medical school class, has been the drugs used to treat illness.See to a greater extent The stages of consumer buying ending process essayThe advent of modern medicine, beginning in 1938, has seen a major expansion of prescription drugs (Tomes 627). Because medication has become such a large break open in most peoples lives, pharmaceutical businesses have evolved. Not lonesome(prenominal) do medication companies c atomic number 18 ab appear profits, but as well they are also concerned with the safety and effectiveness of their drugs. These companies need a way to get these compounds out of the public, and they accomplish this in a way non possible for other businesses. Big Pharma the term used to refer to major drug companies uses two different types of advertising to reach the public (Sidiqi).What people see on the TV, the commercials for things such as Restless Leg Syndrome or Bipolar Disorder, is termed direct-to-consumer advertising, or simply DTCA. This is a common tactic for all businesses, including monstrous pharma. However, un manage other products, medications are restricted in that they need to be plus by a physician. Everyone is able to go to the store to buy the new detergent on television, but non everyone can get the medication advertised on the television. Drug companies have a unique way of dealing with this problem in addition to advertising to consumers, doctors are also targeted.Physicians are approached in hospitals much like one is approached by a car salesman aggressive tactics, quick talking and glossing over negative facts while playing up the positive. Detail men representatives of each individual pharmaceutical organization (Silverman) have several(prenominal) ways in order to sell their drug to a physician. Free lunches, vacations and various office supplies inscribed with the drug phoners logos are used as gimmicks in an effort to make doctors side with a pharmaceutical company therefore makin g the physician prescribe their medication over another.With the advent of direct-to-consumer advertisement, people are constantly bombarded with messages and warning concerning their health. Seeing an ad for a new medication makes one contemplate their own health Am I eating well? or Should I quit smoking? Although all forms of drug advertisements may have deleterious effects, DTCA may, with a small part of the population, serve to make people more than aware of their health. With the arrival of websites such as WebMD, patients may also use the Internet in order to damp information significant to wellness.Although most want pharmaceutical companies to run philanthropically, they are subject to the same follies of any other industry. Money runs countries and economies, and in order to limp afloat, the pharmaceutical industry must focus their attention to profits. While big pharma gets a return of 14% profit (compared to 5% for the majority of caboodle 500 companies), those ext ra profits are used for research into new medication, in essence, going right back to the consumer (Tomes 630). Scientists and researchers cost a lot therefore, drug companies must financially support research into new lines of medication.Most people work and live in such a way to attain break up living conditions. The drive to increase wealth improves the medical community. Just like every market, drug companies try to make better products in order to out sell their competition the idea being the best product wins in the market. If one medication is proven to be better than another, then the losing drug company will pour money into research to generate more sales. While new medications are being produced because of a laissez-fair market, many want government to touchstone in. One of the biggest issues in this election year is socialized health care.More people than ever are focusing on the health of the impoverished. On more and more medication commercials, one sees or hears th ings such as Having trouble paying for your medications? Astra-Zeneca can jockstrap. Government officials, doctors and drug companies are beginning to cater to, and help save the lives of, the poor. Imagine for a moment, this scenario A construction worker hurts herself outside the job. She does not quality for workmans compensation because the accident did not expire on the clock, but she is in so much pain she cannot go back to work.Sitting in the free clinic (she cannot afford anything better her construction firmly does not offer affordable health insurance), a doctor sees her into the room. The doctors leaves the room, after assuring her that her injury is not serious, with an armful of medication anti-inflammatories, pain killers and muscle relaxers to help. Pharmaceutical companies elapse out free medications to physicians in order to help sell their product (Goodman, 232). Whats the difference between Tide, a company that makes laundry detergent, and Lilly, a company that makes prescription medication?One will get your clothes clean the other will save your life. Drug companies demand that they be treated average as any other industry in regards to advertising to the public (National Conference). Big Pharma markets to both doctors and patients, trying to influence both to choose their medication over another. Both forms of advertising pushing drugs on doctors and DTCA are detrimental to public health and safety. Detail men are over in the health care field. Walk into a hospital, a free clinic or a private doctors office, one thing remains the same the tissue encasees, the pens and the clipboards.All these simple office supplies are donated from a drug company, bearing their insignia. While one may think it is only the new doctors, the ones that are not well versed in medicine quite yet, are the only ones that will actually be swayed by detail men, learn after study proves this false. All physicians, old and new, are susceptible to this phenomenon (Goodman, 236). The implications for this can be disastrous. A close look at Vioxx details what happens when doctors listen to drug companies and not science. The more money spent on a medication, the more likely the medication will be prescribed (Goodman 237).Such is the case with Vioxx and Celebrex, a new class of anti-inflammatory drug called COX-2. Both of these drugs have blend to many deaths, massive recalls and suits from patients. Why would such a dangerous medication prescribed to patients? Shouldnt the doctors know better? In 1999, the year that both drugs were released, a total of $4. 4 billion dollars was spent on advertising these drugs to both doctors and consumers. This advertising, lead to overuse of these new and expensive drugs (Schneider 140). Doctors and patients both accepted these new COX-2 medications, and there was no foresight into the dangers of this medication.Advertising, coupled with apathetic doctors, lead to hundreds of deaths. DTCA has its pitfalls as well. The use of advertisements on the Internet, television and the radio has drastically changed the doctor-patient relationship (Weber 172). No longer do people go to the doctor for advice. Rather, after looking on WebMD and deciding they have X disease, and seeing on television a drug to treat said disease, the patient storms into the doctors office, demanding a medication for a self-diagnosed disease (Weber 172). A layman cannot doctor himself and expect a healthy, good result.It leads only to misdiagnosis, unneeded medication and perhaps death. Stated earlier, drug companies have a fourteen part profit margin, in contrast to Fortune 500 firms that make an average five percent profit. That means that drug companies make nine percent more in profits than some of the biggest companies in the world. Even one percent equals billions of dollars that pads the wallets of big pharma. Drugs are like candy in this country Americans apparently consume more prescription drugs than their counterparts in other developed nations, roughly twice as many per person as Europeans (Tomes 630).As well as devour more prescription drugs that any other developed country by two fold, Americans are the last to support poor nations with drugs to treat AIDS, malaria, and other detrimental diseases (Tomes 632). That extra nine percent billions and billions of dollars in extraneous profit could be used to further the health of, not only this country, but also the undefiled world. The construction worker mentioned earlier benefited from free drugs. She could not afford them, but thanks to the populations altruistic friends at big pharma, she received them free.Proponents would like people to believe this fallacy in order to keep their most successful way to advertise drugs through doctors alive. All social groups, not only the uninsured or poor, receive free medication. Experts have proven over and over that free medications does not help the poor as much as big pha rma would like the public to believe (Drug Samples, Free Drug Samples). Pharmaceutical companies care only about patients when they are ill. This means big pharma wants more sick people, because sick people equal profit. medicate corporations, besides not helping the poor, target against them. Because they cannot pay for medication, the patterns the researchers found indicate that pharmaceutical firms may be directing their samples to physicians and clinics least likely to care for the uninsured (Drug Samples). The purpose of those free hand outs is simple. No company will ever distribute free product, especially when that product needs to come in installments to be effective. If a doctor has a few days worth of medication, he is more likely to prescribe that medication to the patient out of convenience for both.For example, assume that someone comes into a doctors office with a cold, demanding relief. Whether or not the cold can be remedied by any medication (most colds are viral, and cannot be cured by antibiotics), the doctor, instead of educating the annoying, pushy patient, gives the him a box of medication in order to at least mentally sedate them. Free drugs are ways for pharmaceutical companies to get their medications prescribed. If a doctor has a box of a few pills to give to a patient in the office, he will prescribe the same medication (Wolfe 1).If the medication is once-a-day for X amount of days, and the doctors picks the medication of which he has a sample, that equals quite a big profit for the company. The so-called philanthropic free medication is just another marketing dodge for increased profits. While modern medicine depends on the positive effects of pharmaceutical medication, the non-corporal influences of prescription drugs has a largely harmful effect on society as a whole. Advertising life or death can never have a positive outcome.Drug companies manipulate the public in their advertising to doctors and patients. Next time you are at the doctors office, just think has the treatment you are receiving been scripted by a man in a suit, offering your doctor a free lunch in exchanged for your health? Works Cited Drug Samples Seen as Unlikely to kitchen stove Poor or Uninsured. Medpage Today. 4 January 2008. 2 November 2008. . Free Drug Samples May Put Children at Risk. Medpage Today.6 October 2008. 2 November 2008. . Goodman, Bob. Do Drug Company Promotions twist Physician Behavior? West J Med 174. 4(2001) 232-233. National Conference of State Legislatures the Forum for Americas Ideas. Marketing and Direct-to-Consumer Advertising. 2008. 22 Sept. 2008 . Tomes, Nancy. The Great American Medicine Show Revisted. Bull. Hist. Med. 79 (2005) 627 663. Sidiqi, Sarah.Letters to the Editor Pharmaceutical Influence? The Nurse Practitioner 28. 5 (2003). Silverman, Milton, Philip R. Lee, and Mia Lydecker. How the Drug Companies Kill One Million People a Year. July-Aug. 1982. University of California. 4 Nov. 2008 . Webe r, Lenoard J. Profits Before People? Bloomington and Indianapolis Indiana University Press, 2006. Wolfe, Sidnye. Drug Advertisements That Go Straight to the Hippocampus. Lancet 384. 9028 (1996) 632.

Questionnaire Format

Introduction Before executing any great deal a research worker should ask himself few interrogative moods in bad-tempered * why you be asking the minds * who the results be for * what you expect to ? nd from the causes * how you be going to analyse the data when you get them If you re? ect on these questions, it ordain be easier to compose more solely(prenominal)ow, accurate questions that provide useful ? ndings. This re? ection should all overly help to netherstand which manner leave behind be the near appropriate for concomitant needs.The choice of mode therefore depends on the questions that researcher want coiffureed. If he want to know what peck do in a particular situation then a questionnaire will probably be suf? cient. If its to identify why something has occurred, a questionnaire will provide less valid replys than in-depth interviews or focus on groups because in-depth interviews and focus groups allow the answerer the freedom to express things in context that may not maintain thought of before. This course work is dedicated to the questionnaire method of research in management.The work is separated into two parts part one is giving an overview in homunculusation of about questionnaires and part two is consider questionnaires as a research method in diverse type of management. Questionnaire is a formalized set of questions, usually paper based or delivered online, submitted for replies that green goddess be analyzed for us fitting information * social research * marketing research * management research Questionnaire design cognitive operation 1. do the Information needed 2. Specify the Type of Interviewing methodAs it was said before each research should begin with some common steps such as specifying the necessary information and deciding which method of interviewing should be conducted for this particular research including all the advantages and mathematical obstacles. Also the researcher should assess what informati on will be sought after a innate s toilettening of secondary sources of data and determine the target respondent. 3. Decide on the type of questionnaire and its structure 4. Evaluation of question content. Before including a question in the schedule, examine whether * This question is really essential The respondent buns understand the question. (i. e. is it too technical, ambiguous, or advanced for the target respondent? ) * The respondent can answer the question. (Say, the respondents possess qualified knowledge. As such, it is better not to ask too much of factual data or about past history. ) * The respondent will answer the question. Specially, if it invades into ones privacy or it directs too much effort to answer, then they usually refuse to cooperate 5. Check question phrasing. For Example * Do spoken communication hit ambiguity in meaning? Are there any implied alternatives in the question? * Are there some assumptions to be made to answer the question? * Will the res pondents approach the question from the same frame of reference as designed by the researcher? 6. Determine form of repartee to each question The response format may be open or unopen ended. In cosmopolitan, the type of response format will depend on the mark of the research, nature of data to be collected and analysis to be performed. 7. Determine sequence of questions. * Use simple and interesting opening questions * Put the questions in logical manner Ask for classificatory data at the end 8. Assess the physical layout of the questionnaire. Naturally, the questionnaire moldiness be printed properly put in elegant form and facilitate handling. 9. Pre-test the questionnaire. It is normal practice to pretest a questionnaire on a small outcome of target respondents. The pretest is done to assess both individual questions and their sequence of response pattern. Accordingly, a researcher must revise questions which cause problems. While developing a questionnaire, researcher must * Use simple words in bod the questions Avoid ambiguous- questions * Avoid implicit alternatives * Avoid questions that require too much memory recall and calculation * Avoid double barreled questions * Ideally, a questionnaire should depression secure some basic information to get the respondents cooperation and gradually try to collect more information about the phenomenon of interest. * It is easier to administer a multiple choice response categories that requires one simple tick. Questionnaire format Questionnaire format depends upon the amount of structure and disguise required during data collectionStructure At the time of fronting the questionnaire the researcher must appropriately determine the degree of structure to be imposed on the questionnaire. A highly structured questionnaire is one in which the question to be asked and the responses permitted argon explicitly pre-stipu easy. On the other hand in a non-structured questionnaire the questions to be asked argon kept f lexible in their own words and also the respondents are allowed to answer the questions in a manner they like. The response pattern may vary from unrestricted to closed-ended.In open-ended question the respondent is free to choose the possible response, whereas in the closed ended from the researcher pre specifies original survivals and the respondent is allowed to choose the alternatives from the inclined options. Disguise Disguised questions is one where purpose is not made overt to the respondents and is asked in an indirect manner. Non-disguised questions, on the other hand, are ones which are direct and the purpose of asking them is known clearly is the respondents. Disguised questions are used in the conditions when the issues refer are such that respondents may not give correct answer to direct questions.Questionnaires by the format can be divided into the next categories Structured non-disguised questionnaire Structured-disguised questionnaire * Questions are magneti c inclinationed in a pre-arranged drift * Respondents are told about the purpose of collecting information * Questions are listed in a pre-arranged order * Respondents are not told about the purpose of conducting survey Non-structured non-disguised questionnaire Non-structured disguised questionnaire * Questions are not structured. * Researcher is free to ask questions in any sequence he/she wants. Respondents are told about the purpose of collecting information * Questions are not structured * Researcher is free to ask questions in any sequence he/she wants. * Respondents are not told about the purpose of conducting survey Structured, non-disguised questionnaires are genuinely popular in marketing research studies. These are more applicable when massive seek sizes are there. Non-structured, non-disguised questionnaires, on the other hand, are used when a freehand is to be provided to the respondents so that in-depth information on the subject could be solicited e. . in industri al marketing research wherein number of respondents would also be low. Non-structured, disguised questionnaires are mainly used in motivation research. Wore Association Test, Sentence Completion Test, thematic Appreciation Test, Cartoon Test, etc. may be used in this category, Structured disguised questionnaires are more appropriate where responses are required towards certain sensitive issues like attitude towards aids patients, abortion etc. Questionnaire length and structure It is commonly accepted that a questionnaire should not be over long.Peoples short attention spans mean that long questionnaires are undefiled less accurately as people rush to ? nish them. This is also true for obvious question repetition with respondents biased towards simply repeating what they said before whether it is accurate or not. ace major problem with precise(prenominal) long questionnaires is the likelihood of participants crease reading them, which increases the likelihood of participants m isinterpreting complex questions. This is also a problem with back-ground information or instructions given at the beginning of the questionnaire.Many of these problems can be counteracted with metric design of the questionnaire. The amount of motivation felt by participants to complete the questionnaire can affect how much they are prepared to concentrate on completing it. For example, participants who determine the outcomes of the research will directly bene? t them may feel more motivated to complete a questionnaire and vice versa. Since a spread of different types of users is very much required, it is important to understand these variations when conniving and piloting the questionnaire.To increase the usability and effectiveness of the questionnaire tool it is important to consider questionnaire is structured. This means reviewing the sequence of questions very carefully. Grouping questions together under a common theme heading will help the respondent contextualize the sub sequent questions. This approach will also help identify how the sequence is believably to affect the respondent. The order in which questions are presented may bias your respondent to give more or less favorable responses.This can also come with the response scales whereby a respondent gives the same answer throughout a section without reading the questions. To counteract this can either counterbalance the questions or can counterbalance the response. Piloting the questionnaire should help identify these problems and correct them in the ? nal version. Question wording When designing questions it is important to consider if each question will move over the same meaning for everyone. It is, therefore important to make sure frame of reference is clear. Providing de? nitions or examples is a useful way to overcome these problems.Some researchers provide scenarios at the beginning of sections to contextualize the questions. Keeping questions as short and simple as possible will incre ase the likelihood that they will be understood as nearly as the accuracy of responses. Questions that are complicated by double negatives or loaded words are particularly hard for a respondent to answer. It is also important not to ask more than one question at once (e. g. How do you rate the system response times to urgent and non-urgent orison? ). alike it is essential not to ask a question that requires them to interpret meaning of a term (e. g. Do you attend online tutorials on a incessant basis? What is meant by the concept regular basis, is it once a day or once a week? ). Providing a range at heart which to choose a response will help to clarify these choices. Ranges can also help respondents feel happier about answering some questions. For example, be asked to put out down age can feel far more invasive than choosing from a selection of age ranges. Ultimately, it is always important to consider what biases you may be relaying through the wording of a question. Leadin g questions are frequently the major problem with most questionnaires (e. . Why do you think online assessment is wrong? ). Similarly questions that invite a socially desirable response will produced a biased set of responses. Finally, assuming a respondent will be able to remember accurate details of events several months ago is unrealistic and will produce inaccurate responses. Question types Contingency questions A question that is answered only if the respondent gives a particular response to a previous question. This avoids asking questions of people that do not apply to them (for example, asking men if they have ever been pregnant).Matrix questions homogeneous response categories are assigned to multiple questions. The questions are placed one under the other, forming a matrix with response categories along the top and a list of questions down the side. This is an efficient use of page space and respondents time. Closed ended questions Respondents answers are limited to a immovable set of responses. Most scales are closed ended. Other types of closed ended questions include * Yes/no questions The respondent answers with a yes or a no. * Multiple choice The respondent has several option from which to choose. Scaled questions Responses are graded on a continuum (example rate the appearance of the product on a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 being the most preferred appearance Open ended questions No options or predefined categories are suggested. The respondent supplies their own answer without being constrained by a fixed set of possible responses. Examples of types of open ended questions include * Completely unstructured For example, What is your tone on questionnaires? * Word association Words are presented and the respondent mentions the front word that comes to ind. * Sentence completion Respondents complete an incomplete sentence. For example, The most important consideration in my decision to buy a new house is . . . * tarradiddle comp letion Respondents complete an incomplete story. * Picture completion Respondents fill in an empty conversation balloon. * Thematic apperception test Respondents explain a picture or make up a story about what they think is happening in the picture Question Sequence Items on a questionnaire should be separate into logically coherent sections.Grouping questions that are similar will make the questionnaire easier to complete, and the respondent will feel more comfortable. Questions that use the same response formats, or those that back a specific topic, should appear together. Each question should follow comfortably from the previous question. Writing a questionnaire is similar to writing anything else. Transitions between questions should be smooth. Questionnaires that come up from one unrelated topic to another feel disjointed and are not likely to produce high response rates.Most investigators have found that the order in which questions are presented can affect the way that people respond. Questions in the latter half of a questionnaire were more likely to be omitted, and contained fewer primitive responses. Some researchers have suggested that it may be necessary to present general questions before specific ones in order to avoid response contamination. Other researchers have reported that when specific questions were asked before general questions, respondents tended to exhibit greater interest in the general questions. It is not clear whether or not question-order affects response.A few researchers have reported that question-order does not effect responses, while others have reported that it does. Generally, it is believed that question-order effects exist in interviews, but not in written surveys. Some general rules about question sequence * flow logically from one to the next * researcher must ensure that the answer to a question is not influenced by previous questions * flow from the more general to the more specific * flow from the least sensi tive to the most sensitive * flow from factual and behavioral questions to attitudinal and opinion questions * flow from unaided to aided questionsCoding and Tabulating Coding is the technical name used to categorize the data collected. It involves specifying the alternative categories or classes into which responses are to be placed and appointment code numbers to the classes. In fact, coding closed-ended questions are simple, depending on the response pattern one may design the various codes for different responses. Open-ended questions are, however, very difficult to code. Here no uniform rules exit. The researchers have been found to apply their own discretion in developing the coding procedure..Tabulation consists of simply counting the number of cases that fall into the various categories. It may cope the form of simple or cross tabulation. Simple tabulation involves counting the responses based on one variable. One may apply various statistical tools like mean, median, mode, standard deviation or variance to condense and interpret the data. To present the data in graphical form one may make use of various forms of statistical graphs like histogram, frequency polygon, ogive etc. A brief description of these tools is given below.Histogram It is a form of bar chart where the values of the variable are placed on the X-axis and the frequency of each distinct occurrence is indicated on the Y-axis. relative frequency polygon Figure obtained from the histogram by joining the midpoints of the bars of the histogram with straight lines. Ogive This graph shows the number of cases having a value less than or equal to specified quantity that is, the cummulative frequency is generated. Afterwards the cummulative frequencies are plotted along the Y- axis against the given combination of values of the variable (or X-axis).Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires Advantages Disadvantages The researcher is able to contact large numbers of people quickly, easily a nd efficiently using a postal questionnaire The format of questionnaire design makes it difficult for the researcher to examine complex issues and opinions. Even where open-ended questions are used, the depth of answers that the respondent can provide tend to be more-limited than with almost any other method of research. This makes it difficult for a researcher to meet information that is rich in depth and detail. Questionnaires are relatively quick and informal to create, code and interpret (especially if closed questions are used). In addition, the respondent- not the researcher does the time-consuming part of completing the questionnaire With a postal questionnaire, the researcher can never be certain the person to whom the questionnaire is sent actually fills it in. For example, if your research is concerned with finding-out the opinions of women on a range of issues, it would be less than useful if an unknown number of the questionnaires sent by the researcher were filled-i n by men A questionnaire is easy to standardise.For example, every respondent is asked the same question in the same way. The researcher, therefore, can be sure that everyone in the try answers exactly the same questions, which makes this a very reliable method of research. Where the researcher is not present, its always difficult to know whether or not a respondent has understood a question properly. Questionnaires can be used to explore potentially embarrassing areas (such as sexual and criminal matters) more easily than other methods. The questionnaire can, for example, be both anonymous and completed in privacy.This increases the chances of people answering questions honestly because they are not intimidated by the presence of a researcher. The researcher has to hope the questions asked mean the same to all the respondents as they do to the researcher. This is a problem that can to some extent be avoided by conducting a Pilot Study prior to conducting the real survey Rela tively inexpensive method, does not require any investments The response rate (that is, the number of questionnaires that are actually returned to the researcher) tends to be very low for postal questionnaires.A 20 25% return of questionnaires is probably something that most researchers would happily settle for and this may mean that a carefully-designed sample becomes unrepresentative of a target population. The problem of the self-selecting sample is particularly apparent in relation to questionnaires. When a response rate is very low the responses received may only be the opinions of a very highly motivated section of the sample (that is, people with strong opinions who take the time and trouble to complete and return a questionnaire)Questionnaires in prudence charge questionnaires are an important way of knowing about the productivity, sales and morale of the company. It provides an opening into the hearts and minds of the employees and enables the management to take correct ive steps to change and amend the work environment for enhanced productivity. Managers need to prepare questions for recruitment of staffs, which involves all type of questions from technical to personal. Even managers themselves have to answer questions for their own appraisal process.Before designing the management questionnaire, it is necessary to understand the goal of the questionnaire? What are benefits of the questionnaire to the management and company as a whole? Start with a brief introduction, highlight the intention and motive of the questionnaire and what you aim to achieve from this survey. You can define a wide range of questions on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to make it comprehensive. Make sure the questions are independent in nature and easy to understand.Top level managers need to question their subordinates about their work and need to know about their psychology Thus management questionnaires prove to be very beneficial for various different types of organizations. These questionnaires are not only important for employers but for employees as well. Management questionnaires are used in different type of management such as * Performance management A performance management questionnaire is an essential instrument for collecting data. This data can be used to enhance management performance.By carrying out a survey on performance management, companies are in a better position to identify areas that require improvement and implement ways through which improvement of performance can be achieved. * Project management A project management questionnaire covers various areas in line with a particular project, the strategic processes of project management, how management processes are coordinated right from their initiation to their eventual completion. This helps to keep track of the progress that is being made and what else can be done. * Time ManagementA time management questionnaire is formulated for the purpose of evaluating individuals on their time management habits and character traits. Time is an essential imagery and effective time management has a significant impact on performance. A time management questionnaire helps people identify areas of their life in which they can improve. * Supply Chain Management Supply chain management is the sensitive procedure being initiated by the corporate to ensure the growth process in which the raw corporal is supplied to the concerned department to boost the production.In tack on chain questionnaire, the concerned department will follow certain working standards to answer all the questions. On the basis of the outcome of this questionnaire, an organization can easily evaluate the percentage of success of the supply chain department. * Human Resource Management A Human Resource Management Questionnaire is a set of questions regarding the management of the gracious resource department of an organization. It has information regarding the number of employees in volved and the structure and functioning of the human resource department.Examples of questionnaires can be found in vermiform process Bibliography 1. Kinnear, Thomas C. and James R. Taylor, Marketing Research An Applied Approach McGraw-Hill International Edition. 2. Adams, Anne and Cox, Anna L. (2008). Questionnaires, in-depth interviews and focus groups. In Cairns, Paul and Cox, Anna L. eds. Research Methods for Human Computer Interaction. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 3. Questionnaire Design. A. N. Oppenheim Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd. New edition edition (17 Aug 2000) 4.Developing a Questionnaire (Real world research). Bill Gillham. Continuum (1 Jun 2000) Appendix Performance Management Questionnaires Company Name . Industry . Number of employees . Company position . Rate the following using this key * Unsatisfactory *Average * wakeless *Excellent Efficiency in the use of resources Assurance of quality performance .. Employee satisfaction .. Emp loyee training and development .. Customer service . Quality of products .. Quality standards asylum standards .. Rate of product delivery .. Staff punctuality . Corporate social responsibility . Project Management Questionnaires Is there a project management process in existence? What is the mountain chain of the project? .. What project phases are put in place? .. Upon the undertaking of projects, is there further delegation of tasks? Who is responsible for the acknowledgement of project objectives? Which processes of project management currently exist? What are the financial implications of these processes? . Are there guidelines in place for project organization and quality self-confidence? Do processes related to the projects meet the needs of key stakeholders? Is the project independently carried out? Time management questionnaire Do you prioritize your tasks? Do you allow interruptions to take your attention away from important tasks? Do you take on tasks even whe n the time is not sufficient? .. Do you take on other peoples tasks? . Do you take breaks during the day? Do you take a long time to complete normal tasks? . Do you find yourself working over the weekend or during holidays? . Do you easily find your things? . Do you spend a lot of time on recreational activities? Supply Chain Management Name of the department ____________________ Head of the department _____________________ Date of the questionnaire ____/____/_____Q1 Is supply chain management having all the address of the developer branches of the company? Yes No Q2 Rate the working strategies of supply chain management department on the basis of the current programs? 10. Outstanding 9. Excellent 8. Good 7. Average Q3 Is the supply chain management department is having sufficient transportation? Yes Not sufficient Q4 According to the current growth process of the organization, which of the following needs much attention and progress to boost the production? useable activities Ta ctical activities Current programming strategiesQ5 Choose the right option, where the supply chain department is facing problem in taking care of the raw material? During storage Packaging Testing of packaging Evaluation of defective raw material Q6 How do you rate the delivery activity of the department? 10. Excellent 9. actually effective 8. Good 7. Average Q7 Is there any case recorded by the supply chain department in which the production department complained late delivery of raw materials? Yes No Human Resource Management Questionnaire Name____________________________ Address________________________ Name of organisation ______________________Sector __________________ Address of organisation ___________________ city __________________ Email id of employee _____________________________ Contact number ______________________________________ Q1. differentiate the number of employees in your organisation _______________________ Q2. How many employees are in the HR department _____ __________________? Q3. What sort of structure does your HR department have? __________________________________________ Q4. What are the responsibilities and scope involved? _____________________________________________________________________

Role Of Formal Devices In Emily Dickinson’s Poems

Emily Dickinson is one of the greatest American poets of the the early 1900s. Her style and come up are unmistakable. During her flavortime she received little praise for her contribute and only a few of her poems were published. The bulk of Dickinsons poems offer obscure meanings, vivid language, and brevity. Her poems addressed the themes of love, death, and nature. barely in oftentimes Madness is divinest Sense and Tell all the Truth but tell it slope Dickinson confronts the isolation and aggressive hearty control which plagued her life and continues to influence the lives of aspiring artists and nonconformists today.Dickinson handlings formal literary devices to demonstrate and convey to the reader her assertion that the expression of personal truth is not welcomed by society. The theme of Much Madness is divinest Sense is nonconformity. Dickinson believed that society was too rigid to acknowledge and look at anything that differed from the norm. Individuals who do not adhere to societal standards are treated like outcasts inwardly society. To be considered sane by society, all one has to do is assent (6). Dickinson takes an ironic approach in which she believes that it is truly the majority which shows the starkest madness (3).The theme in Tell all the Truth but tell it wobble exhibits the same overall theme. However, this poem offers a more personal approach to the subject. Dickinson was a prolific writer who was not just content to write about observing nature. Her poems show her deep reflection on the universal human experiences. Yet her work was often met with ridicule. It was within her writing that she learned she could tell the bright truth but only through Cirrcuit lies. She believed that society was inflexible and infirmed and simply unable to accept the truth about itself.That truth must be offered graduallyor all people go forth be blind to it. Both poems show Dickinsons use of paradox. Paradox is when a statement seem contradictory but is actually true. In Much madness is divinest Sense the paradox is within the title. Madness in this poem actually refers to people who are telling the truth and that a godly quality. In Tell all the Truth but tell it slant the paradox exists in having to create lies to tell the truth. The themes in these poems both address the issues of nonconformity in general and more specific terms.The use of rhyme and prison term in Much Madness is divinest Sense and Tell the Truth but tell it slant are used to parallel the nonconformist content of each poem. In Much Madness is divinest Sense Dickinson uses traditional iambic tetrameter and switches over to anapests. Anapests are created with each metrical foot consists of three syllables, the first two shortsighted or unaccented and the last one is long and accented. An example of anapest occurs lines 4-6 of Much Madness is divinest Sense. Dickinson writes T is the majority In this, as all, prevails / Assent, and you are sane.The rhyme scheme in each could be consider slant rhyme. Traditional poetry keeps the rhyme at the end of each line. However, slant rhyme is disjointed and the rhyme is often forced. Sense,Madness, and dangerous all rhyme however, dangerous does not have the same emphasis or syllable count. The same is detect in Tell all the Truth but tell it slant. In this poem the rhyme is imperfect and altered. It is through the expectation that the end of lines will rhyme that displays Dickinson assertion that only through unorthodox means can she. and perhaps all artists, tell the truth.Lies and surprise as well as figure and blind rhyme. However, lies and surprise have a different number of syllables. The odd rhyme and meter utilized by Dickinson contribute to her theme of nonconformity by interrupting the smooth flow of each poem. While each piece of poetry seems like free verse, it takes a couple of attempts to understand how the poem is actually supposed(p) to sound. Dickinson expertly uses rhyme, meter, and paradox to support her belief that individuals who openly share subversive views on society are often isolated and treated cruelly by that society.These individuals are paradoxes. Society, blind to the truth they speak, would rather call them mad then deal with their own reflections. Dickinson wit as author, which is often overlooked, is clearly demonstrated in this poems. In Much Madness is the divinest Sense and Tell the Truth but tell it slant Dickinson exhibits her her ability to be an interpretor of the human experience. She easily relates the pressure of social conformity through intentional and specific word choice while still maintaining the brevity she is known for.

Hip hop Essay

renal pelvis Hop is a category of music that has come a long personal manner since it was first fashioned. Born in The Bronx, New York is has defined and interpreted countless of times. The text book definition is a style of popular music of US black and Hispanic origin, featuring rap with an electronic backing. Originally produce to tell stories of men and women of the time it has since grown and develop a whole new meaning which is not set in stone. Today, hip-hop, can be located worldwide due largely to media website like YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram. Since the birth of hip-hop one key segment has remained true, hip-hop mirrors the issues in the world. In the 1970s pelvic arch Hop is now a part of the mainstream music scene. It is not uncommon to see artist from antithetical genres collaborating with Hip Hop artists. It is similarly not uncommon to see Hip Hop music and culture in movies, television shows, and commercials. In the past you would only when see people from ethnic communities wearing Hip Hop clothing, now all races including Asian, Caucasian, etc have accepted the Hip Hop style. The subject matter has also changed. In the past Hip Hop lyrics focused on political and societal frustrations, now Hip Hop lyrics steer more toward provocative content.Hip Hop subject matter consists mostly of the aspirations of wealth, sex, drug use, and criminal activity. During the beginning years the age of the Hip Hop listener was wide spread. It ranged from teens to even adults in their 50s. Although Hip Hop still has an adult audience, it is now more geared toward younger audiences. Younger listeners are more likely to purchase Hip Hop music and paraphernalia, than the older audience. Hip Hop proves to be the voice of the people that may not be able to speak for themselves in courtly ways.Globalization has allowed many people who would not have the means to speak up, to be able to take center stage. Many believe that globalization ordain be the end o f individuality and creativity. This has been a theory that seems to fail when put up against Hip Hop globalization. Hip Hop Globalization has proven to breed communities and music,that in the end forms something that has never been seen before. Globalization may prove that instead of making the world flat, it will create new mountains and craters of creativity that were never imagined.

Sea World

Sea valet Did you ever wish that something amazing would occur in your life, and when your wish is fulfilled, the bulgecome is emend than you imagined? Well ,welcome to my stunning story about my adventurous trip to the Orlandos Sea World Water Park.. The day begun just fine. I was ten age old and it was a few days after I arrived in Florida. It was summer, in the year 2009 and my cousins and I were very bored. Before I arrived in Florida, my auntie promised me that she would have taken me somewhere, but she wasnt sure where as yet.A few minutes later, my older cousin- Que wanner arrived from work, exclaiming that she got free tickets to Sea World. Hearing about it all the succession and watching the advertisements on the television, I was really anxious When are we going Que wanner? , I asked, curiously. How about we go now she replied. Ye aah I screamed, ambivalently. I ran to my closet and took out a pink strapless top,white short shorts, my new swimsuit, my towels and my pink and white hi-top sneakers. After packing my bag, I scampered down the stairs. Everyone was ready except mom. She was having trouble with purpose her swimsuit.Five minutes later, we were on our way to Sea World. We laughed and sang until we arrived at the amazing place. I could smell the fresh aromatic scent of the fresh water-park as I stepped out of the car. I heard the birds chirping, a patter and the trees danced with the cool breeze. The first thing I saw, was a huge roller coaster extending over a smooth grammatical construction in the sky, that seemed like a mini tower. The water park was colorful and everything was in order. As we were about to enter the building, there was an anile wench shouting and she created a big scene in front of a group of men.I think she was a bit of a coquette. Anyways we continued to enter the park. First, we visited the zoo. in that location were a lot of cameras flashing, as the different animals posed. We visited the tiger, the zebras ,polar-bears,lions,snakes, ,stingrays and other animals. My cousin, a future veterinarian was overwhelmed with joy. After seeing that, we couldnt wait to explore the rest of the park. Secondly,we entered a building with a big aquarium roof and information about rocks made of limestone,and other information about the animals in the aquarium. The building was really pretty I couldnt wait to explore moreThird, we we went back outside. We were trying to decide where to visit next but the park was filled with different catchy attractions which made it unattackable to decide. I saw a big blue roller coaster that shaped like a stingray and a sign-Manta was printed on it. Can we try that one? my cousin Alyssa asked. You guys can go but Im not coming mom said nervously. Are you scared we teased her. My aunt, my cousins and I headed to the ride. Grandma and mom were sitting on a bench waiting. We walked briskly to the ride and it was also filled with a big aquarium roof, with real anima ls.At the door,there was a lady checking if we were at the average stature to enter to the ride. As we stepped up, she said my aunt,my cousin-David and I were great, but Alyssa didnt make it to the average height. Disappointed, we walked Alyssa back to the bench, and tried to catch the ride. We sat in seats that were set in a horizontal order. It left within five seconds. As my first roller coaster, I was nervous. It carried us all the way in the sky,in the water, then diagonally back into the sky. It ended within one minute. I couldnt wait to race back and tell mommy and grandma about the excitement and the joy I felt on the ride.After talking, we left the park for twenty minutes and went to the nearest Wendys Restaurant to eat. After eating, we returned to the park. We went on the simulator ride which welcomed relaxation and comfort. Then we went on a water slide which was quite risky, but fun. The place was getting really dark, it was 542. My aunt said that we would have to leav e soon because the park closes at 600. We saw a sign that said a show by the famous whale- Shamu. We went into the building and there was a very big kitty-cat with deep water and some divers with buckets filled with dead, raw fishes.They were feeding dolphins and whales. As we were watching the show, I observed that the whale-Shamu, was pretty amazing, patronly and he was famous. The hearing was cheering as he performed some cool tricks, which entertained me a lot. When the show was over, we were all tired but disappointed because we had to leave . Sea World Water park is the best water park I have ever visited If I were to recommend a water park to a friend ,or a place to just relax and have some fun, I would really go for Sea World Water Park MY WONDERFUL rouse TO SEA WORLD NameCeline DeCambre

Reaction to and Criticism of Behavior and Cognitive Therapies Essay

Behavior therapy and cognitive therapy be both popular methods routined by counselors and therapists to qualify a persons perception about themselves and situations surrounding them. In this essay, the writer will attempt to critique each type of therapy, as come up as give a short personal reaction to each. Behavior therapy was developed from several older theories, but it has definitely gone its own right smart in terms of how irregular fashions are looked at and treated (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243). For example, unwanted behaviors are not immediately classified as illnesses, and they are treated as normal behaviors are in terms of how they are developed (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243).According to the chapter, abnormal behaviors are learned in much the same way as normal behaviors (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243). It is human nature to learn through experiences, so bad experiences over a long period of time would logically lead to abnormal behavior. However, i f mortal is alerted that their behaviors are unacceptable and must change, behavioral therapy can give the person training in how to reverse that behavior (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 244). Basically, this writer draws from the reading that making someone want to change their behavior is behind the success of behavioral therapy.It is human nature to want to fit into society, and so making eliminating unwanted behavior seem like a way to achieve fitting in is enough motivation for most people to change. The behavior therapy chapter was full of good learning on ways to make people change their behaviors. The authors admitted that this type of therapy usually takes quite a few sessions, and I can easily understand why that would be the case (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 263).In particular, if one reads the case study involving the man with the uncontrollable urge to expose himself, it is easy to see how a behavior that has spanned xx years would be very hard to let go of (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, pp. 273-276). However, finding the basis of the behavior and taking steps to make it undesirable saved him from some other confinement (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 276). I feel that behavior therapy plays on the primal human urge to not stand out. This would make it a good onrush to use on a person who feels cut off from society, and a good way to make them feel more accepted.Cognitive therapy is based less on what a person does and more on how a person think backs (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 285). It is similar to the psychoanalytic method, but differs in that the thoughts of a person can be see for what they are, not as vessels for repressed memories (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287). Many people have distorted ideas about themselves and their world, and that is where psychological problems stem from(Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 286). The idea of cognitive therapy is to take those ideas and restructure them into views that are actually more in sync with what is true (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287).This writer believes that many people could benefit from cognitive therapy, because many look down on themselves and think that they are less than what they are. Although cognitive therapy is based on thought, and seems to assert it is human nature to be led by ones thoughts, it is often combine with behavior therapy(Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 288). I believe this is because thoughts lead to actions, so undesirable thoughts would naturally lead to undesirable actions.The authors state that part of cognitive therapy is testing if thoughts are logical, and running(a) on ways to change them if they are not (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287). The only concern I would have with this method would be using it with someone who is potentially suicidal. Having someone reflect on such dangerous thoughts might end in tragedy if the situation were not handled correctly. Overall, the cognitive approach along with the behavioral approach to therapy seems to be a good fit for a lot of the psychological problems that plague people.

Non-disclosure agreement

Limited Liability play along XXX (address), represented by its Director Name Name, and hereinafter referred to as COMPANY, on the unrivaled hand, and _ (address)___, hereinafter referred to as EMPLOYEE, have concluded this Agreement upon the following 1. Subject.The Agreement is concluded in govern to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of underground Information as defined below. The parties agree and acknowledge get in into a confidential relationship with respect to the disclosure of certain proprietary and confidential information (hereinafter termed as mysterious Information). This Agreement sh alone govern the conditions of disclosure.2. Definition of Confidential Information. For purposes of this Agreement, Confidential Information shall include all technical information, business information or material that has or could have commercial value or other utility in the business in which the COMPANY is engaged. It includes all methods, processes, formulae, systems, techniqu es, inventions, patents, trade secretes, computer programs, search projects, business methods, financial data, etc.Confidential Information may be in form of electronic documents and files, physical documents and oral communications. If Confidential Information is transmitted orally, the COMPANY shall indicate in writing that such(prenominal) communication be constituted as Confidential Information. Confidential information also includes any pen works, which were produced by the EMPLOYEE at the COMPANYs demand. The COMPANY shall label or stamp all indite documents with the wording CONFIDENTIAL, acting as an indicator.3. Exclusions from Confidential Information. EMPLOYEEs obligations under thisAgreement does non channel to information that is(a) Publicly known at the time of disclosure, or subsequently becomes publicly known by dint of no fault of the EMPLOYEE(b) Learned by the EMPLOYEE through legitimate means other than from the COMPANY or COMPANYs representatives(c) Is disc overd by COMPANY with COMPANYs prior written favorable reception or(d) Is produced by the EMPLOYEE before the COMPANY actually discloses it to the EMPLOYEE.4. Obligations of EMPLOYEE. EMPLOYEE shall hold and maintain the ConfidentialInformation in strictest confidence, for the sole and exclusive benefit of the COMPANY. EMPLOYEE shall carefully restrict access to Confidential Information to other employees, contractors and thirdly parties as is reasonably required and shall require those persons to sign nondisclosure restrictions at least as protective as those in this Agreement. EMPLOYEE shall not, without prior written approval of COMPANY, use for EMPLOYEEs own benefit, publish, copy, or otherwise disclose to others, or permit the use by others for their personal benefit or to the detriment of COMPANY, any Confidential Information.EMPLOYEE shall return to COMPANY any and all records, notes, and other written, printed, or tangible materials in its possession pertaining to Confiden tial Information immediately, if the COMPANY requests it in writing. EMPLOYEE shall return to the COMPANY all material and documents that contain Confidential Information, and shall not retain any of these copies. EMPLOYEES shall not disclose CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION to future employers or use it themselves, at any time even after termination.5. Relationships. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to constitute either troupe a partner, joint venturer or employee of the other party for any purpose.6. Severability. If a court finds any provision of this Agreement invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement shall be valid and see so as best to effect the intent of the parties.7. Integration. This Agreement expresses the complete understanding of the parties with respect to the domain matter and supersedes all prior proposals, agreements, representations, and understandings. This Agreement may not be amended except in a writing signed by both parties.8. Waiver. The failure to exercise any right provided in this Agreement shall not be a waiver of prior or subsequent rights. COMPANY pull up stakes be entitled to obtain an injunction to ensure that no infringement of this Agreement occurs.This Agreement and apiece partys obligations shall be binding on the representatives, assigns and successors in interest of such party. Each party has signed this Agreement in WITNESS.________________________________________(EMPLOYEES Signature)________________________________________(Typed or Printed Name)Date _____________________________________________________________(COMPANYS Signature)________________________________________(Typed or Printed Name)Date _______________________________________________________________(Witness 1 Signature)________________________________________(Typed or Printed Name)Date _______________________________________________________________(Witness 2 Signature)________________________________________(Typed or Printed Na me)Date _________________Referenceshttp//inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=inventors&cdn=money&tm=347&gps=197_10_588_283&f=00&tt=14&bt=1&bts=1&zu=http%3A//www.inventnet.com/nondisclosure.htmlhttp//www.inventionconvention.com/ncio/inventing101/003.htmlhttp//www.ilrg.com/forms/non-disc.htmlhttp//www.score.org/downloads/NonDisclosureAgreement.pdf